What is the Thyroid?
The thyroid is a small, butterfly‑shaped gland located in the front of your neck that produces hormones (T3 and T4) which control your metabolism, heart rate, body temperature, energy levels and how your body responds to other hormones. When this gland produces too much or too little hormone, it can affect almost every system in your body.
Common Thyroid Conditions I Treat
- Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) – The thyroid does not make enough hormone, slowing down body functions.
- Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) – The thyroid makes too much hormone, speeding up body processes.
- Autoimmune thyroid disease such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and Graves’ disease.
- Thyroid nodules and goiter (enlargement of the thyroid) and thyroid cancer as part of a multidisciplinary team.
Symptoms of Hypothyroidism
When your thyroid is underactive, you may notice:
- Fatigue, weakness and feeling unusually tired
- Weight gain or difficulty losing weight
- Feeling cold easily, dry skin and hair loss
- Constipation and muscle or joint pains
- Low mood, depression and heavier menstrual periods
Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism
When your thyroid is overactive, symptoms often include:
- Unexplained weight loss with increased appetite
- Nervousness, anxiety, irritability, tremors and palpitations
- Heat intolerance, sweating and sleep disturbances
- Frequent bowel movements and irregular or lighter periods
- Enlarged thyroid (goiter) and, in Graves’ disease, eye problems such as bulging eyes.
How I Diagnose and Treat Thyroid Problems
In my clinic, thyroid evaluation typically includes blood tests for thyroid hormones (TSH, T3, T4), ultrasound scans and, when needed, further imaging or fine‑needle aspiration of nodules. Based on the findings, treatment may include:
- Thyroid hormone replacement tablets for hypothyroidism.
- Anti‑thyroid medications, radioiodine therapy or surgery for hyperthyroidism, depending on severity and cause.
- Regular monitoring to keep hormone levels within your target range and adjust doses safely.
Precautions & Lifestyle Tips for Thyroid Health
- Do not start or stop thyroid medication on your own; dose adjustment should always be supervised.
- Take thyroid tablets on an empty stomach exactly as instructed for best absorption.
- Inform me about all other medicines or supplements you take, as some can interfere with thyroid function or treatment.
- Maintain a balanced diet, manage stress and get adequate sleep to support overall hormonal balance.